| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Vol. 50, Issue 4, 723-757, December 1998
Department of Pharmacology II, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka
University, Osaka, Japan
I. Introduction
II. Functional Analysis of G Protein-Mediated Activation of
Muscarinic K+ Channels in Cardiac Atrial Myocytes
A. Time-Dependent Response of the Whole-Cell Muscarinic
K+ Current to Acetylcholine
1. The G protein cyclic reaction mediating the receptor-to-channel
signal transmission.
2. Activation phase.
3. The phase of short-term desensitization.
4. Deactivation of the response of the muscarinic K+
channel.
B. Quantitative Analysis of G Protein-Mediated Activation of the
Muscarinic K+ Channel
1. Single-channel characteristics of the muscarinic K+
channel.
2. Positive cooperative effect of GTP on muscarinic K+
channel activity.
3. Spectral analysis of the muscarinic K+ channel
currents in the presence of different concentrations of intracellular
GTP.
4. A possible mechanism for the G protein-mediated increase in the
functional numbers of muscarinic K+ channels.
C. Modulation of G Protein-Mediated Activation of the Muscarinic
K+ Channel
III. Molecular Analysis of G Protein-Gated K+ Channels
A. Cloning of Inwardly Rectifying K+ Channels
B. Subunits of G Protein-Gated K+ Channels
C. Tissue Distribution of GIRK Subunits
1. Peripheral tissues.
2. Central nervous system.
D. Expression of G Protein-Gated K+ Channels
E. Tetrameric Structure
F. Molecular Mechanism Underlying G Protein Activation of G
Protein-Gated K+ Channels
1. Interaction between G protein 
subunits and subunits of G
protein-gated K+ channels.
2. Mechanism underlying G protein subunitinduced
activation of G protein-gated K+ channels.
3. Interaction between subunits of G protein-gated K+
channels, G
proteins, and membrane agonist
receptors.
4. Possible mechanisms underlying specific signal transduction in
the receptor/G protein/G protein-gated K+ channel
system.
IV. Voltage-Dependent Properties of G Protein-Gated K+
Channels
A. Inwardly-Rectifying K+ Channels
1. Voltage-dependent change in inwardly rectifying K+
channel activity.
2. Mg2+ and polyamine block.
3. Mg2+/polyamine block sites in the inwardly
rectifying K+ channel pore.
B. Inward Rectification of G Protein-Gated K+ Channels
1. Inward rectification of the muscarinic K+
channel.
2. Mg2+/polyamine block of G protein-gated
K+ channels.
3. The Mg2+/polyamine-binding sites in G protein-gated
K+ channels.
4. Slow relaxation of G protein-gated K+ channels
containing GIRK1.
V. Pharmacological Properties of G Protein-Gated K+
Channels
VI. Localization of the G Protein-Gated K+ Channel in
Different Organs
A. Cardiac Atrial Myocytes
B. Neurons
1. Differential cellular and subcellular distribution of GIRK
subunits.
2. Functional significance of differential subcellular distribution
of GIRK subunits.
C. Endocrine Cells
VII. Weaver Mutant Mice and the GIRK2 Gene
VIII. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  Z. Zuberi, L. Birnbaumer, and A. Tinker The role of inhibitory heterotrimeric G proteins in the control of in vivo heart rate dynamics Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2008; 295(6): R1822 - R1830. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Lignon, Z. Bichler, B. Hivert, F. E. Gannier, P. Cosnay, J. A. del Rio, D. Migliore-Samour, and C. O. Malecot Altered heart rate control in transgenic mice carrying the KCNJ6 gene of the human chromosome 21 Physiol Genomics, April 1, 2008; 33(2): 230 - 239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Zhao, Q. Fang, S. G. Straub, and G. W. G. Sharp Both Gi and Go Heterotrimeric G Proteins Are Required to Exert the Full Effect of Norepinephrine on the {beta}-Cell KATP Channel J. Biol. Chem., February 29, 2008; 283(9): 5306 - 5316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. N. Nikolov and T. T. Ivanova-Nikolova Dynamic Integration of {alpha}-Adrenergic and Cholinergic Signals in the Atria: ROLE OF G PROTEIN-REGULATED INWARDLY RECTIFYING K+ CHANNELS J. Biol. Chem., September 28, 2007; 282(39): 28669 - 28682. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Zhang, M. A. Bosch, J. E. Levine, O. K. Ronnekleiv, and M. J. Kelly Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons Express KATP Channels That Are Regulated by Estrogen and Responsive to Glucose and Metabolic Inhibition J. Neurosci., September 19, 2007; 27(38): 10153 - 10164. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Mizuno, A. Kamiya, T. Kawada, T. Miyamoto, S. Shimizu, and M. Sugimachi Muscarinic potassium channels augment dynamic and static heart rate responses to vagal stimulation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2007; 293(3): H1564 - H1570. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. E. Logothetis, D. Lupyan, and A. Rosenhouse-Dantsker Diverse Kir modulators act in close proximity to residues implicated in phosphoinositide binding J. Physiol., August 1, 2007; 582(3): 953 - 965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Nof, D. Luria, D. Brass, D. Marek, H. Lahat, H. Reznik-Wolf, E. Pras, N. Dascal, M. Eldar, and M. Glikson Point Mutation in the HCN4 Cardiac Ion Channel Pore Affecting Synthesis, Trafficking, and Functional Expression Is Associated With Familial Asymptomatic Sinus Bradycardia Circulation, July 31, 2007; 116(5): 463 - 470. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Clancy, S. B. Boyer, and P. A. Slesinger Coregulation of Natively Expressed Pertussis Toxin-Sensitive Muscarinic Receptors with G-Protein-Activated Potassium Channels J. Neurosci., June 13, 2007; 27(24): 6388 - 6399. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Jaen and C. A. Doupnik RGS3 and RGS4 Differentially Associate with G Protein-coupled Receptor-Kir3 Channel Signaling Complexes Revealing Two Modes of RGS Modulation: PRECOUPLING AND COLLISION COUPLING J. Biol. Chem., November 10, 2006; 281(45): 34549 - 34560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Kulik, I. Vida, Y. Fukazawa, N. Guetg, Y. Kasugai, C. L. Marker, F. Rigato, B. Bettler, K. Wickman, M. Frotscher, et al. Compartment-dependent colocalization of Kir3.2-containing K+ channels and GABAB receptors in hippocampal pyramidal cells. J. Neurosci., April 19, 2006; 26(16): 4289 - 4297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Mirshahi, D. E. Logothetis, and A. Rosenhouse-Dantsker Hydrogen-Bonding Dynamics between Adjacent Blades in G-Protein {beta}-Subunit Regulates GIRK Channel Activation Biophys. J., April 15, 2006; 90(8): 2776 - 2785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Ochi, Y. Momose, K. Oyama, and W. R. Giles Sphingosine-1-phosphate effects on guinea pig atrial myocytes: Alterations in action potentials and K+ currents Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 2006; 70(1): 88 - 96. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Daunt, O. Dale, and P. A. Smith Somatostatin Inhibits Oxidative Respiration in Pancreatic {beta}-Cells Endocrinology, March 1, 2006; 147(3): 1527 - 1535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Nobles, A. Benians, and A. Tinker Heterotrimeric G proteins precouple with G protein-coupled receptors in living cells PNAS, December 20, 2005; 102(51): 18706 - 18711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Dobrev, A. Friedrich, N. Voigt, N. Jost, E. Wettwer, T. Christ, M. Knaut, and U. Ravens The G Protein-Gated Potassium Current IK,ACh Is Constitutively Active in Patients With Chronic Atrial Fibrillation Circulation, December 13, 2005; 112(24): 3697 - 3706. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Nerbonne and R. S. Kass Molecular Physiology of Cardiac Repolarization Physiol Rev, October 1, 2005; 85(4): 1205 - 1253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Kanjhan, E. J. Coulson, D. J. Adams, and M. C. Bellingham Tertiapin-Q Blocks Recombinant and Native Large Conductance K+ Channels in a Use-Dependent Manner J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., September 1, 2005; 314(3): 1353 - 1361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. G. Brown, A. Thomas, L. V. Dekker, A. Tinker, and J. L. Leaney PKC-{delta} sensitizes Kir3.1/3.2 channels to changes in membrane phospholipid levels after M3 receptor activation in HEK-293 cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 2005; 289(3): C543 - C556. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. S. Costa, M. R. Stasko, M. Stoffel, and J. J. Scott-McKean G-Protein-Gated Potassium (GIRK) Channels Containing the GIRK2 Subunit Are Control Hubs for Pharmacologically Induced Hypothermic Responses J. Neurosci., August 24, 2005; 25(34): 7801 - 7804. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J.-C. Peter, J. Tugler, P. Eftekhari, D. Maurice, J. Hoebeke, and J.-C. Roegel Effects on heart rate of an anti-M2 acetylcholine receptor immune response in mice FASEB J, June 1, 2005; 19(8): 943 - 949. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Benians, M. Nobles, S. Hosny, and A. Tinker Regulators of G-protein Signaling Form a Quaternary Complex with the Agonist, Receptor, and G-protein: A NOVEL EXPLANATION FOR THE ACCELERATION OF SIGNALING ACTIVATION KINETICS J. Biol. Chem., April 8, 2005; 280(14): 13383 - 13394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Skov, S. Nedergaard, and M. Andreasen New Type of Synaptically Mediated Epileptiform Activity Independent of Known Glutamate and GABA Receptors J Neurophysiol, April 1, 2005; 93(4): 1845 - 1856. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Bender, M.-C. Wellner-Kienitz, L. I Bosche, A. Rinne, C. Beckmann, and L. Pott Acute desensitization of GIRK current in rat atrial myocytes is related to K+ current flow J. Physiol., December 1, 2004; 561(2): 471 - 483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. N. Nikolov and T. T. Ivanova-Nikolova Functional Characterization of a Small Conductance GIRK Channel in Rat Atrial Cells Biophys. J., November 1, 2004; 87(5): 3122 - 3136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Zhang, A. Dickson, and C. A. Doupnik G{beta}{gamma}-activated Inwardly Rectifying K+ (GIRK) Channel Activation Kinetics via G{alpha}i and G{alpha}o-coupled Receptors Are Determined by G{alpha}-specific Interdomain Interactions That Affect GDP Release Rates J. Biol. Chem., July 9, 2004; 279(28): 29787 - 29796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Leaney, A. Benians, S. Brown, M. Nobles, D. Kelly, and A. Tinker Rapid desensitization of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ currents is determined by G protein cycle Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, July 1, 2004; 287(1): C182 - C191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Fuentealba, I. Timofeev, and M. Steriade From The Cover: Prolonged hyperpolarizing potentials precede spindle oscillations in the thalamic reticular nucleus PNAS, June 29, 2004; 101(26): 9816 - 9821. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Ehrlich, T.-J. Cha, L. Zhang, D. Chartier, L. Villeneuve, T. E. Hebert, and S. Nattel Characterization of a hyperpolarization-activated time-dependent potassium current in canine cardiomyocytes from pulmonary vein myocardial sleeves and left atrium J. Physiol., June 1, 2004; 557(2): 583 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Gomez, B.-G. Kerfant, G. Vassort, and A. J. Pappano Autonomic regulation of calcium and potassium channels is oppositely modulated by microtubules in cardiac myocytes Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2004; 286(6): H2065 - H2071. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. N. Nikolov and T. T. Ivanova-Nikolova Coordination of Membrane Excitability through a GIRK1 Signaling Complex in the Atria J. Biol. Chem., May 28, 2004; 279(22): 23630 - 23636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Shi, H. Wang, B. Yang, D. Xu, and Z. Wang The M3 Receptor-mediated K+ Current (IKM3), a Gq Protein-coupled K+ Channel J. Biol. Chem., May 21, 2004; 279(21): 21774 - 21778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Wasson, H. K. Reddy, and M. L. Dohrmann Current Perspectives of Electrical Remodeling and Its Therapeutic Implications Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, April 1, 2004; 9(2): 129 - 144. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Finley, C. Arrabit, C. Fowler, K. F. Suen, and P. A. Slesinger {beta}L-{beta}M loop in the C-terminal domain of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels is important for G{beta}{gamma} subunit activation J. Physiol., March 15, 2004; 555(3): 643 - 657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Mao, X. Wang, F. Chen, R. Wang, A. Rojas, Y. Shi, H. Piao, and C. Jiang Molecular basis for the inhibition of G protein-coupled inward rectifier K+ channels by protein kinase C PNAS, January 27, 2004; 101(4): 1087 - 1092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Peng, T. Mirshahi, H. Zhang, J. P. Hirsch, and D. E. Logothetis Critical Determinants of the G Protein {gamma} Subunits in the G{beta}{gamma} Stimulation of G Protein-activated Inwardly Rectifying Potassium (GIRK) Channel Activity J. Biol. Chem., December 12, 2003; 278(50): 50203 - 50211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. W. Claydon, S. Y. Makary, K. M. Dibb, and M. R. Boyett The Selectivity Filter May Act as the Agonist-activated Gate in the G Protein-activated Kir3.1/Kir3.4 K+ Channel J. Biol. Chem., December 12, 2003; 278(50): 50654 - 50663. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. El-Armouche, O. Zolk, T. Rau, and T. Eschenhagen Inhibitory G-proteins and their role in desensitization of the adenylyl cyclase pathway in heart failure Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 2003; 60(3): 478 - 487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Picciano, N. Ameen, B. D. Grant, and N. A. Bradbury Rme-1 regulates the recycling of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, November 1, 2003; 285(5): C1009 - C1018. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Sickmann and C. Alzheimer Short-Term Desensitization of G-Protein-Activated, Inwardly Rectifying K+ (GIRK) Currents in Pyramidal Neurons of Rat Neocortex J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2003; 90(4): 2494 - 2503. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ivanina, I. Rishal, D. Varon, C. Mullner, B. Frohnwieser-Steinecke, W. Schreibmayer, C. W. Dessauer, and N. Dascal Mapping the G{beta}{gamma}-binding Sites in GIRK1 and GIRK2 Subunits of the G Protein-activated K+ Channel J. Biol. Chem., August 1, 2003; 278(31): 29174 - 29183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Cheng, S. G. Straub, and G. W. G. Sharp Protein acylation in the inhibition of insulin secretion by norepinephrine, somatostatin, galanin, and PGE2 Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2003; 285(2): E287 - E294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. I. Rosenblum ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in the Cerebral Circulation Stroke, June 1, 2003; 34(6): 1547 - 1552. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Benians, J. L. Leaney, and A. Tinker Agonist unbinding from receptor dictates the nature of deactivation kinetics of G protein-gated K+ channels PNAS, May 13, 2003; 100(10): 6239 - 6244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Takigawa and C. Alzheimer Interplay Between Activation of GIRK Current and Deactivation of Ih Modifies Temporal Integration of Excitatory Input in CA1 Pyramidal Cells J Neurophysiol, April 1, 2003; 89(4): 2238 - 2244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Benians, J. L. Leaney, G. Milligan, and A. Tinker The Dynamics of Formation and Action of the Ternary Complex Revealed in Living Cells Using a G-protein-gated K+ Channel as a Biosensor J. Biol. Chem., March 14, 2003; 278(12): 10851 - 10858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Mao, J. Wu, F. Chen, X. Wang, and C. Jiang Inhibition of G-protein-coupled Inward Rectifying K+ Channels by Intracellular Acidosis J. Biol. Chem., February 21, 2003; 278(9): 7091 - 7098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Mullner, D. Yakubovich, C. W. Dessauer, D. Platzer, and W. Schreibmayer Single Channel Analysis of the Regulation of GIRK1/GIRK4 Channels by Protein Phosphorylation Biophys. J., February 1, 2003; 84(2): 1399 - 1409. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Rishal, T. Keren-Raifman, D. Yakubovich, T. Ivanina, C. W. Dessauer, V. Z. Slepak, and N. Dascal Na+ Promotes the Dissociation between Galpha GDP and Gbeta gamma , Activating G Protein-gated K+ Channels J. Biol. Chem., January 31, 2003; 278(6): 3840 - 3845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. G. Hommers, M. J. Lohse, and M. Bunemann Regulation of the Inward Rectifying Properties of G-protein-activated Inwardly Rectifying K+ (GIRK) Channels by Gbeta gamma Subunits J. Biol. Chem., January 3, 2003; 278(2): 1037 - 1043. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Firouzi and W. A. Groenewegen Gene polymorphisms and cardiac arrhythmias Europace, January 1, 2003; 5(3): 235 - 242. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Mao, L. Li, M. McManus, J. Wu, N. Cui, and C. Jiang Molecular Determinants for Activation of G-protein-coupled Inward Rectifier K+ (GIRK) Channels by Extracellular Acidosis J. Biol. Chem., November 22, 2002; 277(48): 46166 - 46171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Leaney, A. Benians, F. M. Graves, and A. Tinker A Novel Strategy to Engineer Functional Fluorescent Inhibitory G-protein alpha Subunits J. Biol. Chem., August 2, 2002; 277(32): 28803 - 28809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q.-Q. Sun, J. R. Huguenard, and D. A. Prince Somatostatin Inhibits Thalamic Network Oscillations In Vitro: Actions on the GABAergic Neurons of the Reticular Nucleus J. Neurosci., July 1, 2002; 22(13): 5374 - 5386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. V. Kuzhikandathil and G. S. Oxford Classic D1 Dopamine Receptor Antagonist R-(+)-7-Chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hydrochloride (SCH23390) Directly Inhibits G Protein-Coupled Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels Mol. Pharmacol., July 1, 2002; 62(1): 119 - 126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Dobrev, E. Wettwer, A. Kortner, M. Knaut, S. Schuler, and U. Ravens Human inward rectifier potassium channels in chronic and postoperative atrial fibrillation Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2002; 54(2): 397 - 404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ishii, A. Inanobe, and Y. Kurachi PIP3 inhibition of RGS protein and its reversal by Ca2+/calmodulin mediate voltage-dependent control of the G protein cycle in a cardiac K+ channel PNAS, April 2, 2002; 99(7): 4325 - 4330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Delmas, H. Nomura, X. Li, M. Lakkis, Y. Luo, Y. Segal, J. M. Fernandez-Fernandez, P. Harris, A.-M. Frischauf, D. A. Brown, et al. Constitutive Activation of G-proteins by Polycystin-1 Is Antagonized by Polycystin-2 J. Biol. Chem., March 22, 2002; 277(13): 11276 - 11283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
