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Vol. 50, Issue 3, 413-492, September 1998
School of Biomedical Sciences (V.R.), Queen's Medical Centre,
University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England;
Autonomic Neuroscience
Institute (G.B.), Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London,
England
I. Introduction
A. Overview
B. Historical Perspective
II. Adenosine/P1 Receptors
A. Introduction
B. Structure
C. Agonists
D. Antagonists
III. A1 Receptor
A. Cloned A1 Receptors
B. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
C. Desensitization
D. Sensitization/Up-Regulation
E. Agonists
F. Antagonists
G. Distribution and Biological Effects
IV. A2A Receptor
A. Cloned A2A Receptors
B. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
C. Desensitization
D. Sensitization/Up-Regulation
E. Agonists
F. Antagonists
G. Distribution and Biological Effects
V. A2B Receptor
A. Cloned A2B Receptors
B. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
C. Desensitization
D. Agonists and Antagonists
E. Distribution and Biological Effects
VI. A3 Receptor
A. Cloned A3 Receptors
B. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
C. Desensitization
D. Up-Regulation
E. Agonists
F. Antagonists
G. Distribution and Biological Effects
VII. Integrated Effects of Adenosine/P1 Receptors
VIII. P2 Receptors
A. Introduction
B. Agonists
C. Antagonists
1. Suramin.
2. NF023.
3. NF279.
4. Pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P5P).
5. PPADS.
6. Iso-PPADS.
7. Reactive blue 2.
8. Reactive red.
9. Trypan blue.
10. Evans blue.
11. DIDS.
12. Arylazidoaminopropionyl ATP (ANAPP3).
13. 2-Alkylthio derivatives of ATP.
14. 5'-p-Fluorosulfonyl benzoyladenosine.
IX. P2X Receptors
A. Structure
B. Cloned P2X Receptors
1. P2X1 receptor.
2. P2X2 receptor.
3. P2X3 receptor.
4. P2X4 receptor.
5. P2X5 receptor.
6. P2X6 receptor.
7. P2X7 receptor.
C. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
D. Desensitization
E. Agonists and Antagonists
F. Distribution and Biological Effects
1. CNS.
2. Sensory nerves.
3. PNS.
4. Smooth muscle.
5. Blood cells.
X. P2X7 and Endogenous P2X7-Like (or
P2Z) Receptors
A. Structure
B. Cloned P2X7 Receptors
C. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
D. Desensitization
E. Agonists
F. Antagonists
G. Distribution and Biological Effects
XI. P2Y Receptors
A. Structure
XII. P2Y1 and Endogenous P2Y1-Like
Receptors
A. Cloned P2Y1 Receptors
B. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
C. Desensitization
D. Agonists
E. Antagonists
F. Heterogeneity of P2Y1 and Endogenous
P2Y1-Like Receptors
G. Distribution and Biological Effects
XIII. P2Y2 and Endogenous P2Y2-Like
Receptors
A. Cloned P2Y2 Receptors
B. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
C. Desensitization
D. Up-Regulation
E. Agonists and Antagonists
F. Heterogeneity of P2Y2 and Endogenous
P2Y2-Like Receptors
G. Distribution and Biological Effects
XIV. p2y3 Receptor
XV. P2Y4 Receptor
XVI. P2Y6 Receptor
XVII. P2Y11 Receptor
XVIII. Endogenous Uridine Nucleotide-Specific Receptors
A. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
B. Agonists and Antagonists
C. Distribution and Biological Effects
XVIV. P2YADP (or P2T)
Receptor
A. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
B. Desensitization
C. Agonists
D. Antagonists
E. Distribution and Biological Effects
XX. Other P2Y Receptors
A. p2y5 Receptor
B. p2y7/Leukotriene B4 Receptor
C. Xenopus P2Y Receptor (P2Y8)
D. P2Y9 and P2Y10 Receptors
E. P2YAp4A (or
P2D) Receptor
F. P3 Receptor
G. P4/Diadenosine Polyphosphate-Specific Receptor
XXI. Integrated Effects of P2 Receptors
XXII. Integrated Effects of Adenosine/P1 and P2 Receptors
XXIII. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
REFERENCES
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